Opinion On Telstra Advertising Campaign - 1725 Words

Opinion on Telstra Advertising Campaign. From the literature, Telstra has been a long term sponsor of the Australian Olympics team but currently it is not the sponsor of the team. The issue is that Telstra has been using the advertising campaign ‘I go to Rio’ and have a similar advert stating they are ‘Official Technology Partner of Seven’s Olympic Games Coverage’. This is contrary to the real situation since the team had a different telecommunications partner during the Rio 2016 Olympics. The Australian Olympics team was sponsored by Optus which is the Official telecommunications partner of the team as stated by the literature (Toscano, 2016). In fact the adverts on Channel Seven clearly stated that Telstra was the ‘official technology partner’ and featured an advert having the current description ‘I go to Rio’ by Peter Allen. Immediately Australian Olympics Committee raised a concern over the illegality of Telstra’s advertising campaign, they modified the advert. In reiteration, the Telstra’s spokesman claimed they had created an app that updates the events in the Rio Olympics and they wanted their customers to get accessibility freely to the exclusive content of the application offered. The spokesperson stated that the promotions reflected the viable partnership together with the Seven Network. From the presentation of the Facts, Telstra has breached the law. They are not the official telecommunication partners of the official technology partners but they are using theShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Foxtel Introduction to Marketing1700 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Year Awards. ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Partnership with Telstra and Optus Expanding customer base and providing Foxtel services to new generation mobiles. ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Packages Offered and tailored to individual amp; family tastes and preferences, where these packages can be bundled. Giving customers   the choice of cheaper packages. ï‚ ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Advertising Mostly Internet amp; some T.V exposure, especially during the end of financial year and Christmas, with add campaigns such as ‘Happy EOFYS’ and   Ã¢â‚¬Ëœstay home andRead MoreConsumer Behaviour Towards Cadbury Products10353 Words   |  42 PagesThe report begins with the history of the products and the introduction of the Airtel company. This report also contains the basic marketing strategies that are used by the Airtel company of manufacturing process, technology, production policy, advertising, collaboration, export scenario, future prospect and government policies. The report includes some of the key salient features of market trend issues. In today’s world of cutthroat fierce competition, it is very essential to not only exist but alsoRead MoreIntroduction to Large Scale Organizations18988 Words   |  76 Pagesorganisational objectives Function-based Organisation structure General Manager (Executive) Operations HR Accounting Marketing Advantages of Economies of scale *Lower unit price of material inputs *Lower unit costs of energy units *Lower cost of finance/advertising *Lower cost of transport *Preferential treatment by gov. (provision of port-facilities for example *R and D potential *Establishment of services to the corporation (suppliers) ENVIRONMENTS OF LSO S -The environment of an organisation are theRead MoreMarketing8520 Words   |  35 Pageshigh-value customers in a special way.34 Attracting and Retaining Customers 2008933525 Companies seeking to expand their profits and sales have to spend considerable time and resources searching for new customers. To generate leads, they use advertising, direct mail, telemarketing, trade shows, and other methods to reach possible new prospects. Different types of acquisition methods can yield different types of A Framework for Marketing Management, Fourth Edition, by Philip Kotler and Kevin LaneRead MoreTransforming Total Sales into Net Profits51271 Words   |  206 Pagescommon practice today, before proposing a different and much simpler approach for any improvement effort. As the saying goes, a smart person learns from his or her mistakes. A wise person learns from other people’s mistakes. It is only my humble opinion, but I believe that this book will make you wise for three compelling reasons: 1. It is based on over twenty years of applied science. I know of very few concepts that have been tested so thoroughly in real life. 2. It offers executives what humanRead MoreDamodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 Pagesmany valuations, the price gets set first and the valuation follows. The obvious solution is to eliminate all bias before starting on a valuation, but this is easier said than done. Given the exposure we have to external information, analyses and opinions about a firm, it is unlikely that we embark on most valuations without some bias. There are two ways of reducing the bias in the process. The first is to avoid taking strong public positions on the value of a firm before the valuation is complete

Drug Addiction And Its Effects On The United States

Throughout history, drug addiction has been one of the many factors of why people across the United States become unsuccessful. Being an addict controls the mind, body and souls of some people and with that, it usually hurts them in the long run. A disease is a disease, no matter if it’s alcoholism, gambling, food addiction or a drug addiction. Not all drugs do the same to people, but in some cases, it gets them high for a couple minutes and makes them keep coming back for more and from time to time again, they want to get higher than the previous session, which leads to them trying other gateway drugs. Most people try drugs the first time because of peer pressure and not having the strength to say no, others is because they want to try new things and be cool with a certain group of kids at school. All it takes sometimes is one time, one pull, and one session for someone to get hooked to a certain drug and be an addict. Drug addiction has a deep impact on the brain that can cause the inability to learn, make good judgment, and alters vision and memory. Addiction is chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences to the addicted individual and to those around him or her. (National Institute on Drug Abuse) The components of drug addiction are endless. They usually contain chemicals that tap into the brain’s communication system and disrupt the way nerve cells normally send, receive, and process information. TheShow MoreRelatedHeroin Addiction : The United States1743 Words   |  7 PagesHeroin Addiction in the Un ited States Overview of Heroin Addiction in the U.S. Heroin addiction is one of the leading killers of adolescents and adults in the United States. In recent years, addiction has skyrocketed, and â€Å"the rate of heroin-related overdose deaths increased by 286 percent between 2002 and 2013.† In 2002, â€Å"100 people per 100,000 were addicted to heroin, and that number has doubled by 2013† (The National Institute on Drug Abuse 2013). The most affected populations include low incomeRead MoreIs Drug Addiction A Choice Or A Disease?1743 Words   |  7 PagesIs drug addiction a choice or a disease ? There are two central debates that often arise when speaking of addiction ; either addiction is a disease caused by the brain, or addiction is a matter of weak will. In comparison the disease model would take responsibility away from the addict and place it on biological reasoning ; the weak will model, would ultimately condemn the addict and place blame on the addicts decision making process and thus blame the addict for their behavior. Utilitarian theoryRead MoreSubstance Abuse Is A Brain Disease766 Words   |  4 PagesFindings Substance Abuse is a brain disease While the choice to use alcohol and drugs is initially voluntary, alcohol and/or drug addiction arises because the normal functioning of the brain is impaired so that alcoholism and drug addiction become a â€Å"chronic relapsing disease of the brain† (National Institute of Drug Abuse, Drugs, Brains and Behavior. The Science of Addiction. 2014, 5). Drugs impact the pathways of the brain by flooding the circuit with dopamine, which disturbs and distorts normalRead MoreEffects Of Adolescent Addiction On Adolescence And Local And The United States News About Adolescence Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction in Adolescent Years The essay concerns itself with the questions Addictions in Adolescence. Wong, Hall, Justice, and Hernandez, 2015) state that adolescence distinctly determined by the beginning of puberty. The professional also allude that early onset of puberty is most likely to partaken in dangerous activities such as multiple sex partners, alcohol dependence, and inappropriate adaptive styles. In this essay, I will discuss my finding of current contributions and treatments of adolescentRead MoreThe Abuse Of Illicit Drugs Presents A Detrimental Effect On The Health And Well Being Of Millions Of Americans1133 Words   |  5 Pagesof illicit drugs presents a detrimental effect on the health and well-being of millions of Americans. People begin to use drugs for a wide variety of reasons: to feel euphoric pleasure, energy or self-confidence; decrease anxiety or depression; increase cognitive or athletic ability; because of rebellion, peer-influence, or simple curiosities (FIX). Initial users are li kely to experience seemingly positive effects and are naà ¯vely constrained by the addictive propensities of these drugs. EventuallyRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs1487 Words   |  6 PagesPrescription Drug Abuse Prescription Drug Abuse has increased in an alarming rate over recent years! Prescription drug related deaths now outnumber those from heroin and cocaine combined. The abuse in prescription drugs in America goes back more than a hundred years ago. Prescription drug abuse is the use of a medication without a prescription, in a way other than prescribed, or for the experience or feelings elicited. Although prescription medications are intended to help individuals, they canRead MoreOpiates And Its Effects On The United States1588 Words   |  7 PagesOpiates Should be Outlawed in the United States Opiates, otherwise known as prescription painkillers, have become an enormous problem in the United States. Addiction, overdoses, and death are only a few of the problems caused by opiates. Painkillers can be prescribed to help lessen chronic pain, pain from surgery, pain from serious accidents, or pain from terminal diseases. Opiates are highly addicting and have become highly abused in the United States in the past few years. Prescription painkillersRead MoreMarijuana Should Not Be Beneficial For Medical Purposes1080 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana has proven to be beneficial for medical purposes. It has therapeutic effects that will ultimately allow patients with adverse health conditions to improve their quality of life. Legalizing marijuana can also improve the state of the United States’ economy through taxation and creation of job opportunities. Additionally, it can reduce the crime rate in the United States and save the United States tons of money. Contrarily, marijuan a should not be legalized for recreational usage. ExtensiveRead MoreDrug Addiction : History, Laws, And Treatment Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pages Drug Addiction, History, Laws, and Treatment Drug Addiction itself affects almost  ­Ã¢â‚¬ Twenty-three million Americans are currently addicted to alcohol and/or other drugs. Only one in 10 percent of them (2.6 million) receives the treatment they need. The result: a treatment gap of more than 20 million Americans†(Writer, B. J. 2010). Drug Addiction is it truly a disease or a choice? Many state authority figures say it s a choice not a disease much of science says it s a choice disease, both inRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Its Effects On Society1285 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of many of these substances was considered widely acceptable and the norm, modern science and medicine has uncovered the harmful effects that these drugs can cause when they are abused and can lead to addiction and dangerous behaviors in society. In the United States, the first of the many laws to regulate and control addictive drugs was the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906, which required the correct labeling of medicines that contained opiates. In 1914 the Harrison Narcotic Act banned the sale

Operations Culture and Production Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operations Culture and Production Management. Answer: Introduction: Organization culture is the established set of key understandings shared by the members of an organization like values, beliefs, norms and attitudes. These values have a strong influence on work environment and govern the people behaviour in an organization (Schein, 2010). Each organization has its own unique character just like individuals do. This unique character of the organization is known as culture formed by the group of individual working within that organization. There are multiple characteristics that may help an organization define their best culture such as stability, innovation and risk taking, structure etc. The organization culture helps in directing its employees the manner in which they interact at its workplace. It is the culture of the organization, which helps in extracting the best out of each employee as they develop a habit of work without any force. Further, the importance of it is also in uniting the employees from different backgrounds to promote a healthy competition at the workplace. Thus, a culture helps in promoting healthy relationship among its employees. Toyota indeed has a distinct set of its own organization culture, which encompasses true values and characteristics of its people (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths, 2014). The characteristics of Toyota organization culture portray a sense of own identity, enhancement of its people commitment and strengthening of their behaviour. The key notions of its organization culture are: These 7 characteristics of Toyotas culture have helped it in the long run for creating a valued brand image. Its characteristics enable the company to continue growing. Innovation is formed through continual enhancements by way of Learning's (Sosnovskikh, 2016). The attention to detailing and team orientation has helped it in improving its quality and problem-solving techniques. Culture analysis and significance of culture to carmaker In a world as complex as ours, each of us is driven by multiple factors. One of the most powerful forces that define our act is culture. It is the culture that distinguishes one organization from another. Toyota culture has strong values that unified employee relationships (Shook, 2010). The employees relentlessly pursued goals. The different features and characteristics of Toyota have been formed after a cautious approach in facilitating organization learning. The culture of Toyota highlights the significance of developing a significant culture to encourage globalised business success. The international competition is turning fierce day by day in the automotive industry. This makes it imperative for companies to optimize their culture to meet the major challenges across the globe. Corporate culture portrays everything concerning a company like its policies, regulations, procedures and employee behaviours to overall customer experience (Dahlgaard and Mi Dahlgaard-Park, 2006). The culture is an important facet to carmakers as it helps in directing companies to respond to data breaches, auto recall as well as other issues. The Automotive Company is expected to attain success internationally by establishing a strong corporate culture among its employees. Fostering values, vision or mission that is shared by all can largely help in forming a successful corporate culture. Toyota mechanical failure led to the corporate crises of epic proportions. Though it had a strong basis of culture yet, it failed to influence the employees behaviour and actions. Toyota always had a model of organization and culture that other companies wanted to replicate. The culture of Toyota Way had been one of the most prominent competitive advantages of the company. Toyotas esteem image so cautiously framed over the 50 years by continuously focusing on improvement and serving the best to their customers was severely damaged. The crises began in United Stated wherein the company couldnt expediently handle the regional problem for long, and it soon became global crises. Toyota planned to enter US market in 1950s, and by 2000 all expected it to become the worlds leading car company. But as years went by everything turned out to be sinking (Kotabe and Murray, 2004). As per the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) report, they had received more than 100 complaints regarding the brake performance of Toyota vehicles. The complaints were about how the car brakes did not respond immediately on bumps or slippery surfaces. For decades Toyota worked hard to create it remarkable reputation of esteem quality and highest value in the world. The key problem was not the public announcements that were made, but it is the concerns of the customer. It is the time company realised that Toyota culture was not well prepared to respond to customers feedback filled with questions and accusations. The Toyota cul ture was alive and strong but was not well directed and required to be raised to a higher level. Lessons learned about organizational culture The corporate culture is an intangible strategic trait that comprises of shared values and beliefs. The organizational culture of Toyota is known for the respect it pays to its people and continuous improvement (Hill, 2008). An additional aspect that an organization needs to embrace in its culture is the consideration of customers and communities associated with their business. The growth is assured when companys culture is able to facilitate organization flexibility and reduce problems. A culture must be created where managers are guided to think more about customers than their own interests. Customer orientation should be a part of organization cultural provision wherein employees are acknowledged about the basic objective to provide customers before and after sale services. The culture must comprise of Qualified and trained technicians as well as service advisors should be there to provide customer service and help. With all the allegations from the media and public the companies reputation had collapsed and question was raised from customers that endangered its quality. On 23rd of February, 2010, Mr Akio Toyoda, Toyotas owner, came to testify himself before the congress to present the facts and apologise for the losses. Mr Toyoda strategy was of apologizing and taking the responsibility towards the works in the long run and not blaming others. This gesture was to assure its stakeholders for the actions and addresses the concerns of customers. Also, it is a Japanese way which states that Toyodas gesture of bowing down is a way of publicly expressing his regret and directing the company stakeholders to continue restoring their faith in companies brands. With the massive recalls the company spontaneously looked forward to responding to a customer complaint. Bigger role was assigned to regional executives to issue a recall on the basis of local customer complaints. This shows that actions are required to be taken fast to restore the positioning. Also, it is important to note that customer orientation is a prime characteristic of organization culture and must not be overlooked in any circumstances (Sosnovskikh, 2016). The quality and continuous improvement factors are of no significance if proper addressing of customer complaints are not made. In order to respond to the crises, a company must build a strong culture to withstand and positively embrace the crises. Toyotas experience shows that with robust values governing culture over decades it is possible to exhibit positive results even after the worse crises. Organization culture can be defined as principles of shared beliefs values, assumptions based on which people work in companies. Culture has a strong influence of employees, and it motivates them to work with full efficiencies (Maanen, 2015). From the case study of organization A and B, it can be analysed that thought both the organizations are manufacturing firms but their internal workings are way different. In organization A, market culture is followed where the work was done is completely result oriented and no risk is taken. There is focus on competition and getting the job done whereas the Organization B follows the Adhocracy oriented culture in which focus is given to entrepreneurship and risk taking the initiative. Employees are motivated to find the ideas which are unique so that company can get competitive advantages in the market. Organizational power refers to the way in which leaders have the authority and the manner in which they influence employees. Organization A follows the power which is called as coercive power as employees in the company are influenced in terms of threats, punishments and sanctions (Cheese, 2016). Total controls of employees are in the hand of top management and staffs have no flexibility to do work in their own manner. On the other hand, Organization B follows referent power in which interpersonal relationships are being cultivated with other employees in the company. People in organization B have trust in each other, and they have been motivated by the top management to work hard. Organizational politics can be defined as informal and unofficial ways in which people in organizations are influenced to increase power or get tasks done. From the nature of Organization B, it can be assumed that politics definitely must be followed here where the managers influence top management for power. Proper growth is not provided to employees and because of that politics plays a part and affect people. Organization B, on the other hand, might not support the culture of politics and as soon as it is seen arising, proper actions must have been taken (Schein, 2016). All the employees are given fair chance to perform and get higher positions, so chances of politics are very less. However, where there are people, there is politics, but it all depends on the organization to remove it or adopt it. Effect of culture, power and politics on both the organizations is very different like in Organizations A, employees are not motivated to do work, and they are forced to work. The level of motivation is totally low and because of that employees feel they are working in a negative environment with no efficiency. There is no future growth, and because of that, the company will definitely perform poorly (Fairholm, 2010). Whereas in organization B, employees are highly motivated and work very hard to achieve all the goals and objectives set by leaders. They are told to be innovative which also helps in their career growth and because of that company will definitely perform well. Choice of selecting the Organization If I was given a choice to select the organization, then I will definitely choose Organization B because this is the company which can help me to get growth in my career. The working environment of this company is innovative, and employees are motivated to work hard without thinking of failure. There is learning environment which will help me to learn a new skill and also develop the ways to handle problems. With proper work, I can get good growth and become a manager soon. Organization A, on the other hand, is totally opposite as work will be given to me, and I will have to follow every rigid set of rule and function, There is no growth, support from managers and there are lots of politics which decrease the level of motivation to work. Employee motivation is one of the most important parts of the company that not only increases the performance of company but it also fulfils all its goals and objectives. However, motivating employees is not so easy, and there are many challenges that are faced by managers in doing so. One of the main reasons which make this task difficult for managers is that workforce is changing (Farrell, 2012). Employees in the company join with different needs and expectations and all their values, beliefs, needs; expectations are entirely different. It becomes very difficult to understand all these traits and fulfil them. Other than this, everyone in the company has a motivational energy but this energy, often gets blocked at the workplace because of sudden change at their home or some frustrated dreams or broken promises, etc. It becomes very difficult to understand these personal problems of employees because they are not being often shared. Other than this, the work-life pressure is another issue that cannot be understood by managers, and it becomes a major hurdle in motivating employees. In order to motivate the employees, Maslows hierarchy of needs is a theory that can be followed by managers. This theory is based on a very simple principle which says that all humans have hierarchal needs and some of these needs are basic, and in their absence, nothing else matters. The most common need for employees as per this theory is physiological needs which refer to the need for water, food and other biological needs. Once these needs are satisfied, employees start looking for safety needs which say that these should be free from any kind of danger, pain and uncertain future (Rakowski, 2011). Next types of needs are social needs which mean that employees should be allowed to bond with other colleagues, be loved and form good attachments as it motivates them to work hard. All the social needs make esteem needs more relevant which means that employees feel to be admired and respected by the people they work with and work for so that they can feel important. Last types of needs are self-actualization needs which mean employees love to get growth and learn new things. So the company should provide this kind of environment where employees can nurture themselves. Vrooms Expectancy theory This theory is based in the assumption that behaviour of employees arises from their conscious choices with the main aim to maximise pleasure and minimize pain. The behaviour of employees at work and their goals are not simple to understand. Performance of employees is directly based on some skills like knowledge, experience, abilities, etc. As per theory, managers can motivate employees if they believe that organization recognize their effort and performance which results in some rewards (Koontz, 2010). The rewards should be such manner that it satisfies their important need and makes them happy. An employee may require money, promotion, benefits or they might also require training, coaching, and supervision to do something. Tuckman theory starts with the formation stage where the trust is developed, and mission is clarified to every person. All the uncertainties and issues are discussed to move to the next stage. Proper roles are assigned, and available resources are evaluated. Next stage is storming stage where the opinion of different team members are heard regarding the situation, and they all are cleared to remove the negativity (Fiore and Georganta, 2017). The third stage is called as norming stage, where team members are being motivated, and trust gets developed. The team is improved with ethics, cohesion and spirit so that they can handle every situation. The last stage is called as the performing stage where individuals are clear about their roles, and because of that, they try to focus on work and try to handle it as quickly as they can. People here support each other towards the attainment of a goal and avoid all the disagreements so that main goal can be achieved (Barua, 2016). Factors and skills that assist or hinder effective teamwork There are various factors that can assist effective teamwork such as diversity, communication and leadership. It is because; effective teams support and are comprised with cultural diversity, skills and qualities. Diversity embraces innovation and creativity and creates awareness that promotes effective teamwork. Lack of diversity will be rigid the environment and reduce the scope for changes and improvement. It is significant for teams to challenge one another in order to prevent grudges and encourage creativity, disagreement among the team members can also hinder the effectiveness of team (Ellis and Bach, 2015). For this aspect; there is a requirement of open and clear communication among team members. They should have common goals regarding their responsibilities and target. Lack of this aspect will create work barriers such as inappropriate coordination. In addition to this; effective leadership is significant for teamwork. All the teams are benefitted from various sources of dir ection and admiration, leader assists in supporting teamwork by organizing the team efforts and encouraging them to share their ideas with the organization. The factors that are involved in teams to effectively achieving their objectives include appropriate leadership; it is the primary factor to make a clear and common objective. It is considerable because giving a clear picture of overall goal makes it easy for both the members and organization to timely and effectively achieve it. There must be viable work environment for the team to work effectively and productively; members must work with a range of skills, experience for undertaking tasks (Block, 2016). Team commitment is necessary for the team members to understand membership strength and goals sharing. A proper and positive culture is significant for achieving desired goals and objectives. Members must be motivated to share ideas and having risk bearing approach without the fear of controlling, or disapproval. Next to getting things done at the right time, the setting of targets and introducing ways in order to achieve the goals is essential. Teams are required to invest their ti me and efforts in improving working techniques and process to reach the ultimate goal in the best way. These techniques are inclusive of better decision making, and problem-solving. The better relationship must be maintained between the team members, this includes open contact, sharing of idea and helping each other. After all these factors are satisfied the company will be able to achieve their targets over time. The aspects that can threaten successful achievement and cohesive group work is when members give more priority to their personal interest instead of the work; ultimately the team faces problems. For achieving high outcomes, members must take consideration of their team and has to respect the decisions of teams. Secondly, when members are not clear about the objectives, duties and responsibilities, it creates a problem in team building activities. There should be a proper delegation of duties and responsibilities; work must be delegated after observing the qualities and experience of an individual (Koprowska, 2014). Weak communication skills also create a problem in achieving success, complex hierarchy leads to weak and poor communication, as the members cannot share their ideas and this process creates confusion among team members thus it reduces team productivity. Deficiency of decisions, punctuality and discipline also hinders effective team building and creates a barrier to achie ve team objectives and goals. There are several benefits of working in a team such as better outcomes. Team work results to effective outcomes, it is because teams are able to give more resources to business to accept challenges and assist in risk reduction of the weak contribution of individuals. Further, it develops better relationship and understanding among team members who can assist in accomplishing more rather than one can do. It helps companies to reduce risks and cost while having a competitive advantage (O'Neil ed., 2014). An effective team is build up with diversified members when all team members use diverse skills to solve problems then the solution can be determined and applied in an easy manner. Team members work together while giving support to each other which encourage them more to attain goals they may not achieve on their own without motivation and support. The effectiveness of teamwork in achieving goals in the workplace Members must share a commitment to the company for achieving the objectives, to create an effective team. Members must maintain a better relationship each other in an incorporated manner along with awareness and admiration. Members must be capable of solving their problems in an effective way; they must have skills and capabilities to solve their problems by their own (Block, 2016). The organization requires their team members to generate best quality results, as they can feel satisfied as well as provide members with the best outcomes in return. My career goal is to become a marketing manager in the retail sector. At this position, I have to work in a dynamic environment as I have to deal with various peoples and changing market conditions. According to me, primary work challenge is job role to meet sales targets and promote products and services of the company in best possible manner. At this position, I have to be committed and work on daily basis for 7 to 8 hours and on some days even more. Co-workers at this job will be competitive as we all have targets to accomplish in given deadlines however we have to work together to achieve the same. This job role will be satisfying for me if it has good pay, provide me career opportunities for growth and have positive work culture. From the case study, it was analyzed that the situation of Haiti Airport was getting worst as the team was not able to manage the air traffic. It was very much necessary for the team to take the actions quickly in order to resolve the conflicts. Different people working together should have developed trust so that they could work in more synchronization and focus on the single goal and that is to provide aid to Haiti. It was necessary for the team leader to clarify the goals and duties of every person so that they could have focused on a single task by taking fast decisions. The work environment should also have been inspiring, although it is very difficult to create one in the situation in which Haiti was. Still, proper motivation could have forced the team to work efficiently (Wilderom, 2016). Proper delegation of work also could have handled the situation as people could have helped each other by taking some work and not showing frustration with an increase in pressure which was shown by the French Pilot. A team that can run quickly can be made with the help of a particular model designed by Bruce Tuckman which is called as stages of team development. If this theory could have been followed than Haiti airport would have got an effective team that can handle every situation with proper collaboration and trust. This team would have taken decisions effectively and efficiently without affecting the work environment. A team leader is a person, who helps the team by providing proper directions, instructions, guidance so that each and every challenge that is faced by the team can be overcome easily. From the case study, it was understood that different people working on the same project that is to control the air traffic at Haiti were not aligned, and it was creating lots of issues and conflicts. In these kinds of situation, the role of team leader becomes very crucial and important (Salas, 2011). One of the biggest measures that can be adopted by the leader is to lead from the front by showing confidence in the team and providing them steadiness. It will help him to take charge of the situation in hand and then he can manage him as per his or her experience. In the time of crisis, it is a role of a leader to alert all the people working on the same project so that people in the team can be prepared for the negative consequences. This will allow the team to e ready with some solutions that can be implemented quickly to handle the situation. Also, whenever trouble strikes, the team want that issue to get over as soon as possible, so it is the leader who should be calm and take the decisions promptly not hurriedly as it will help the team to act with deliberateness and speed without being nervous (Burke, 2012). In these types of situation, it is also very important for the team leader to identify all the important processes and systems that should keep functioning so that useles s thing can be avoided and focus can be made to make the situation better. Making of proper and alternative plans could have helped the condition of the airport from being out of control (Pandit, 2015). Another important role that a team leader should pose in the situations like is that he or she should strive hard to come out of the crisis as soon as possible by taking some risks and also by clarifying the roles and responsibilities every individual working in a team (Shaw, 2015). He should have and empathy so that team members and their issues could be handled quickly. From the case study of Haiti, it was analyzed that teams from different nations were working effectively and trying hard to manage the traffic airport, but still, there was a lot of chaos. There are types of characteristics which can be implemented by the team working on Haiti Airport. One of the biggest characteristics that can help to sort the situation is appropriate leadership as if there will be a leader, then all the team working on Airport project will be able to get proper guidance and help to work in right direction (Robbins and Coulter, 2012). A leader can also motivate the team to work efficiently in these harsh calamities which were faced by Haiti. Another characteristic that can fit the situation is a clarification of goals. It can be observed from the case that teams of different nations were not aligned and were working as per their code of conduct. However, with the help of clear goals, they will be able to synchronize their efforts to provide effective aid in the are a of Haiti. Mutual trust and good communication is also required as the issue that rose between French pilot and team handling airport clearly show that there were miss communication and lack of trust. Presence of these two characteristics and can help the teams to have faith in each other work and communication can remove all the misunderstanding barriers (Chester, 2013). One more characteristic that could have helped the situation would have been unified commitment. Looking at the present conditions of Haiti, the main of should be to provide aid to the country, but every person was working on his own without any common goal. Unified commitment is necessary as it provides a proper direction to the team and makes them focus towards one direction. References Barua, M., 2016. Exploring decision-making style as a predictor of team effectiveness. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. 24(1). pp.36-63. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014. Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Block, P., 2016.The empowered manager: Positive political skills at work. John Wiley Sons. Burke, S., 2012. Team Effectiveness In Complex Organizations: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives and Approaches. Routledge. Cheese, P., 2016. Managing risk and building resilient organisations in a riskier world. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance. 3(3). pp.323-331. Chester, S., 2013. FORMING STORMING NORMING PERFORMING: Successful Communication in Groups and Teams. universe. Dahlgaard, J.J. and Mi Dahlgaard-Park, S., 2006. Lean production, six sigma quality, TQM and company culture. The TQM magazine. 18(3). pp.263-281. Ellis, P. and Bach, S., 2015.Leadership, management and team working in nursing. Learning Matters. Fairholm, G., 2010. Organizational Power Politics: Tactics in Organizational Leadership. ABC-CLIO. Farrell, D., 2012. Organizational Politics: From Conflict-Suppression to Rational Conflict-Management. Springer Science Business Media. Fiore, S.M. and Georganta, E., 2017. Collaborative Problem-Solving and Team Development: Extending the Macrocognition in Teams Model through Considerations of the Team Life Cycle. InTeam Dynamics Over Time(pp. 189-208). Emerald Publishing Limited. Hill, C., 2008. International business: Competing in the global market place. Strategic Direction. 24(9). Koontz, H., 2010. Essentials of Management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Koprowska, J., 2014.Communication and interpersonal skills in social work. Learning Matters. Kotabe, M. and Murray, J.Y., 2004. Global sourcing strategy and sustainable competitive advantage. Industrial marketing management. 33(1). pp.7-14. Maanen, J., 2015. Making culture visible: reflections on corporate ethnography. Journal of Organizational Ethnography. 4(1). pp.4-27. O'Neil, H.F. ed., 2014.Workforce readiness: Competencies and assessment. Psychology Press. Pandit, D., 2015. Leadership Styles based on Team Effectiveness. Notion Press. Rakowski, N., 2011. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Model. GRIN Verlag. Robbins,S and Coulter, Mary., 2012. Management. Pearson. Salas, E., 2011. Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations. Jossey-Bass. Schein, E., 2016. Organizational Culture and Leadership. John Wiley Sons. Schein, E.H., 2010. Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Schellwies, L., 2015. Multicultural Team Effectiveness: Emotional Intelligence as Success Factor. Anchor Academic Publishing. Shaw, P., 2015. 100 Great Team Effectiveness Ideas. Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd. Shook, J., 2010. How to change a culture: Lessons from NUMMI. MIT Sloan Management Review. 51(2). p.63. Sosnovskikh, S., 2016. Toyota Motor Corporation: Organizational Culture. Wilderom, C., 2016. Lean-team effectiveness through leader values and members informing. International Journal of Operations Production Management. 36(11). pp.1530-1550.

Kobe Earthquake Essays - Seismology, Great Hanshin Earthquake

Kobe Earthquake An earthquake is defined as a shaking or trembling of the earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin. In the case of the Great Hyogo (Hanshin) earthquake of Kobe, Japan it is tectonic in origin. This devastating earthquake which occurred on the 17th of January at 5:46 a.m measured at a whopping 7 (7.2) on the Richter scale. This was the largest recorded earthquake to ever hit Japan. According to the Japan Meteorological its epicentre was in 34.6? north and 135.0? east in the northern tip of Awaji Island with a focal depth of 14 km. According to the results of the recorded in 24 observation centre, the fracture which triggered the earthquake was happened inside the Nojima Fault. Also investigation in the sea bed by the Ocean observatory Centre shows that the cracks occurred in Nojima Fault. This fault forms a part of a group of faults known as the "Rokko Fault', which extends from Awaji Island through Kobe City to the foot of Mount Rokko. The movement of the fault can be explained by the Tectonic characteristic of west Japan. The main reason for the big earthquakes in west part of Japan are the tectonic activities of the Eurasian, the Pacific, the North America and the Philippine plates. The collision between these plates in the central part of Honshu (Japan main island) is the main source of strain accumulation in the crust of western part of Japan. Casualty figures quickly mounted by the hour and when it was all said and done 5,472 people had lost their lives and 415,000 people were left injured. By the fourth day after the earthquake about 310,000 residents spent the night at 1,077 refugee centres. More than 350 fires broke out wiping out around 100 hectares of densely populated area. Fire fighting was virtually ineffective due to an inadequate water supply and access to fires. Lifeline facilities were severely damaged over a large area and following the earthquake, 900,000 households were left without electricity, 850,000 households were without gas, and water supply cuts affected about 2.5 million people. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) Corp.'s 160,000 lines out of 800,000 lines were out of order. The damage to major infrastructure, especially to the elevated expressway and shinkansen (bullet train) tracks, shocked engineers, planners and the general public. According to news reports its tracks were damaged at 42 locations. The first Shinkansen train was to run 30 minutes after the time of the earthquake. Had the disaster occurred few hours later, with an average capacity of about 1,600 passengers/train, casualty rate could have been much higher. Sections of elevated Hanshin expressway toppled virtually cutting off major transport lines to the affected areas. A contiguous section supported by eighteen single columns had fallen sideways in Higashi Nada-ku. Modern buildings -- and structures retrofitted with up-to-date engineering techniques -- fared well in the Great Hyogo quake. Much of the damage occurred in traditionally built older homes and in areas near the coast where liquefaction of the soil caused instability in structures. A large number of reinforced concrete structu res were completely devastated. The economic damage estimates vary from around 100 - 150 billion dollars US. The most extensively and severely damaged structures were smaller commercial buildings (often with residences upstairs) constructed with limited engineering design and traditional homes. The smaller commercial and mixed occupancy buildings are typically framed with wood or light steel and have walls of stucco over wood slats. Many of these buildings have a large shop window in the front and lack interior walls, factors which weaken the first floor. Traditional homes, typically those built before the 1970s, have heavy tile roofs with tiles set in a thick clay and mud mortar, few partitions, and are not waterproofed which causes widespread dry rot and water damage. Little nailing is used; wood joinery is more common. Many casualties were found in damaged and collapsed traditional homes. The heavy tile roofs stressed the walls, which cracked, crumbled and often collapsed, triggering fires from broken gas pipes. The Kobe earthquake exposed more modern and engineered buildings to stronger forces than any previous earthquake. The preliminary report indicates more studies are needed to evaluate seismic codes, design practice and construction

Marijuana Use

Marijuana Use Marijuana Use Right at this very moment, Billions of dollars are being spent to fight a battle that Billions of people don't support, against a substance that isn't doing anyone harm. Marijuana has been around forever, and the reason it has been around for so long is that people enjoy smoking it! It relaxes you when you are tense and calms you down when you are angry. If you get caught with Marijuana in B.C. you can apply for drug treatment instead of doing hard time. In Canada we even have our own party that supports marijuana! And if you have been living underneath a rock for the past year they are the Green Party. I have gone to their store in Vancouver and they smoke weed all day in the store and the cops don't care that they do! so again I say why waste money on the fight against marijuana when even our law enforcement wont do a thing about it? Everyone these days smokes it and when I say everyone I mean EVERYONE, and I know tons of my friends parents who smoke it Daily, which m eans if the adults don't care about it and they must have smoked a lot in their day then the money this country spends everyday to try and fight the war on marijuana is a waste of billions of dollars and time.Day 149 - West Midlands Police - Tackling drug rel...

SAT Results in Physics to Impress College Admissions

SAT Results in Physics to Impress College Admissions Because most colleges that ask for SAT Subject Tests are highly selective, you will most likely want a score in the 700s if youre going to succeed in impressing the admissions officers. The exact score is going to depend on the school, so this article will provide a general overview of what defines a good Physics SAT Subject Test score and what some colleges say about the exam. Subject Tests vs. the General SAT The percentiles for SAT Subject Test scores cant be compared to general SAT scores because the subject tests are taken by an entirely different student population. Because the test is required primarily by some of the nations top colleges and universities, the students who take SAT Subject Tests tend to be high achievers. The regular SAT, on the other hand, is required by a wide range of schools, including many that are not selective at all. As a result, the average scores for SAT Subject Tests are significantly higher than those for the regular SAT. For the Physics SAT Subject Test, the mean score is 664  (compared to a mean of about 500 for individual sections of the regular SAT).   While no tool exists for you to calculate your chance of admission based on the Physics exam, you can figure out your chance of admission based on your GPA and general SAT scores. What Subject Test Scores Do Colleges Want? Most colleges do not publicize their SAT Subject Test admissions data. However, for elite colleges, you will ideally have scores in the 700s. Here are what a few colleges say about the SAT Subject Tests: MIT: The Massachusetts Institute of Technologys admissions website states that the middle 50% of students scored between 720 and 800 on SAT II Subject Tests in the sciences.Middlebury College: The prestigious liberal arts college in Vermont claims that they tend to receive SAT Subject Test scores in the low to middle 700s.Princeton University:  This elite Ivy League school states that the middle 50% of admitted applicants averaged scores between 710 and 790 on their three highest SAT II Subject Tests.UCLA: As one of the top public universities, UCLA states that about 75% of admitted students scored between 700 and 800 on their best SAT Subject Test, and the average score for the best SAT Subject Test was 734 (675 for the second best subject).Williams College: Over half of matriculated students scored between a 700 and 800 on their SAT Subject Tests. As this limited data shows, a strong application will usually have SAT Subject Test scores in the 700s. Realize, however, that all elite schools have a holistic admissions process, and significant strengths in other areas can make up for a less-than-ideal test score. Your academic record will be more important than any test scores, especially if you do well in challenging college preparatory courses. Your AP, IB, dual enrollment, and/or honors courses will all play an important role in the admissions equation. Colleges will also want to see strong non-numerical evidence of your preparedness for college. A winning application essay, meaningful extracurricular activities, glowing letters of recommendation, and other factors can make an application stand out even when the test scores arent quite what you had hoped for. Very few colleges use the Physics SAT Subject Test to award course credit or to place students out of introductory level courses. A good score on the AP Physics exam, however, often will earn students college credit (especially the Physics-C exam). Physics SAT Subject Test Scores and Percentiles Physics SAT Subject Test Scores and Percentiles Physics SAT Subject Test Score Percentile 800 87 780 80 760 74 740 67 720 60 700 54 680 48 660 42 640 36 620 31 600 26 580 22 560 18 540 15 520 12 500 10 480 7 460 5 440 3 420 2 400 1 Data from the College Board Examine the correlation between Physics SAT Subject Test scores and the percentile ranking of students who took the exam. Nearly half of all people who took the exam scored a 700 or higher, a far bigger percentage than with the regular SAT. 67 percent of test takers scored a 740 or below on the Physics SAT Subject Test. In 2017, only 56,243 students took the Physics SAT Subject Test.

International Human Resources Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Human Resources - Term Paper Example Other international human resource trends include global recruitment, benefits and compensation when an employee falls sick gives birth or is faced with tragedy such may include maternity leave and extended vacations. International human resource trends are activities taken by a company or an organization to make it utilize human resource more effectively (Parry, 2013). These activities are geared towards improving human resource performance through education and training. For any sustainable and competitive business in the international arena, there is need for a competitive educated and skilled workforce. With the internationalization of business, many companies are conducting their business in other countries and this is due to the rising demand of goods in other parts of the world (Parry, 2013). A successful business needs the ability to market products overseas and this has requires the company’s workforce to get the right skills needed for the prosperity of the organizat ion. Such training may require the company to send their workforce to further their business and technical skills in a foreign country, which has better training facilities (Maclean and Wilson, 2009). Further education and training of employees in a foreign country as a global human resource trend has both positive and negative effects to the present and future workforce alike (Vaidya, 2006). Human resource training in a foreign country will mean one has to study not only the technical skills but also the culture of the foreign country. The study of other peoples’ culture will promote interpersonal skills, which is important in the world of business (Unesco and the international social science council, 2010). Accepting other peoples’ culture will promote good relations between the world’s diverse cultures and races hence fostering trade and exploitation of the world’s market. However, further training of employees in foreign countries with better technica l skills has increasingly exposed the employees to racial discrimination and cultural shock (Parry, 2013). This has made the workforce return to their home countries with low-self esteem and ethnocentrism in other countries has made them undermine or denounce their culture as uncivilized. This has greatly reduced their performance in the organization. Training an organization’s employees in a foreign country encourages the mastery foreign languages (Maclean and Wilson, 2009). This will be of benefit to the individual and the organization since language is an important factor in sales and marketing. With globalization, the knowledge of the language of a foreign country in which the organization intends to open its branch promotes understanding between the foreign country and the foreign investor, which is the company in this case (Vaidya, 2006). The experience also makes one familiar with the environment in which the organization may have opened its branches. In some instances , further training of an organization’s workforce in a foreign country has exposed the employees to unfavorable change in climatic conditions (Unesco and the international social council, 2010). The harsh climate has made some of workforce who had travelled to a foreign country for further studies develop health complications such as pneumonia and malaria which has cost the lives of some employees hence making the company lose both the employees and

Presentation Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Presentation Critique - Essay Example The introduction did, however, set up the presentation well and give some general themes that would be explored better further in the presentation, though one thing I would have liked to see would be some explanation of context (a power outage that affects a huge area vs a small area, or home vs office etc.) The content was good, though some parts of it were more disjointed than was necessary. The introduction gave some topics that would be discussed, but some of these were either missing in the presentation (such as how to stop equipment damage) or else not clearly correlated with those introductory ideas. However, all content presented was on topic, appropriate and effective. This was one of the weaker areas of the presentation. Some of the visuals were good (the lightning one, for instance) while others seemed very out of place: the â€Å"Key to success† visual was both off topic (equating success to money, which was not really what success is in terms of power outages), while also being low resolution and overly

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Essay Example for Free

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address Essay John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address The Inaugural Address, by John F. Kennedy is about the people cooperating to make America a better place for everyone. John F. Kennedy’s speech was delivered in the east side of the capitol on January 20, 1961. In John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address, he emphasizes the need for unity among mankind. John F. Kennedy utilizes anaphora to evoke togetherness throughout the world. Throughout his speech, Kennedy repeats, â€Å"we pledge† several times. Kennedy means to convey unity by using â€Å"we† to connect to the people. Because the phrase is repeated so many times it shows how bad he wants the idea grasped in to the peoples minds. By using the word â€Å"pledge† he is able to emphasize the promise that the people made to America. Kennedy also reiterates the phrase, â€Å" we shall† many times. Through the phrase â€Å"we shall† he is able to highlight that everyone is going to help. It makes the people see that they have a part in constructing America, for Kennedy cannot do it on his own. He wants to build a unity where everyone is on the same team; together they will help each other out and strive for the unity of America. Kennedy wants to be on the same side as the people; he constantly say’s â€Å"let both sides† so that he can come into an agreement with them. If Kennedy makes a connection with the people they will do as he says. He wants â€Å"both sides† to collaborate with each other to create a strong nation. If he were able to create a unified nation, the people would live in a civilized manner, all-willing to help. Through anaphora, Kennedy is able to present the theme that together you can conquer all.

Tone and Point of View in William Faulkner’s The Unvanquished :: Unvanquished Essays

Tone and Point of View in William Faulkner’s The Unvanquished Everyone at some point in his or her lives have looked back upon their past and recalled either a pleasant or unhappy memory that brings tears to their eyes. In the novel â€Å" Unvanquished William Faulkner creates a character named Bayard who recalls a time when he was boy during the period of the civil war. Although Faulkner gives readers little information about Bayard we learn several things about his life during that time and about the people who were present in his life. Faulkner throughout the story of the Unvanquished used several writing techniques in allowing readers to know that the main character is a grown man looking back upon his childhood. First by the tone he sets throughout the story and last writing the story in the first person. Setting the tone to a particular piece of writing can be a very difficult task one which Faulkner never has much trouble with. While reading the â€Å"Unvanquished† a reader never loses sight of the feelings and desires of the mai n character present in this short story at any given time. Due to the fact that this story is written in the first person point of view readers are not given much opportunity to truly know the thoughts and feelings of the other characters present in this story also. For example, in the chapter titled Ambuscade readers are introduced to Bayard father John Sartortis. Who appears to be a kind, hardworking man who fulfills all of his manly duties as a father, son and boss? But upon closer examination of the text the reader discover this characterization to be somewhat false because although Bayard see his father in this manner one of his slaves does not. When leaving the Sartortis property Loosh a slave ask Miss Rosa about the whereabouts of her son and why he wasn’t around to provide and take care of his family during a time when they needed him most?

Nature or Nurture Essay

NURTURE OR NATURE It has been long debated the importance of nature verses nurture. It is hard to prove one from the other since it is shown for them both to play major roles in the development of a child to an adult. I believe that my personality is a combination of both nature and nurture but I think that I am +more nurtured. There are so many behaviors that I have developed from the environment I grew up. I have learnt to respect all people from being influenced at school and by my parents. I have also been trained to be responsible of things such as doing my work. I learnt that if I am not responsible and don’t do my work, then I must pay bad consequences. I have also learnt from experiences that if I do what I am supposed to do, I may be rewarded for good things done. My environment has influenced me in many ways to act upon certain things automatically. Things like looking both ways before crossing the street, or other things that appear to be common sense are learnt from nurture. I have gone through many experiences in which I have learnt different lessons. These lessons have taught me how to act in my life. I know that I am very different person than my mom or my dad. I don’t have very much in common with either of them. Although we do share some of the same aspects, I feel that I am more different from them than alike. I have developed the majority of my social skills from my friends and not my parents. Most of my social life revolves around my friends, who have influenced me a lot of the decisions I make and in the way I act. I don’t socialize with my parents nearly as much as I do with my peers. I don’t think I know my parents well enough to say if I am like them when they are around their friends or not. The nature and nurture of a person can vary greatly. Sometimes there are certain things that are hard to decide whether they are inherited or learnt. I might share some qualities with my parents, but they could just be characteristics that I learnt in my life that my parents also learnt in their lives too and were not inherited. I believe that genes indicate the potential for one’s behavior and personality, and that the environment helps create the extent as to how that behavior is carried out.

India and Future of Asia Essay

Introduction- As the world increasingly acknowledges India’s rising power status, India is adapting its foreign policy to meet the international challenges of the 21st century and to increase its global influence and status. For many years, India took pride in its role as leader of the Non-Aligned Movement and viewed itself as the primary defender of the rights of the less developed countries. In the past few years, New Delhi has expanded its strategic vision, most noticeably in Asia, and has broadened the definition of its security interests. While India has focused special attention on cultivating ties to the United States since 2000, the overall thrust of its foreign policy has been to seek geopolitical partnerships in multiple directions to serve its national interests. It has pursued special relationships with the U.S., Russia, China, and key European countries. In June 2006, Indian Defense Minister Pranab Mukherjee (the current foreign minister) described India’s foreign policy: â€Å"Premised on the twin policies of no extra-territorial ambition and no export of ideology, India seeks the peaceful resolution of all disputes.† He went on to say that â€Å"[s]imultaneous improvement in ties with the U.S., EU, and Russia and Southeast Asia, Japan, Korea, and China demonstrates that for the first time in its diplomatic history, India is forging significant strategic ties with both West and East Asia.† Broadening Indian engagement across the globe, especially in Asia, is in the U.S. interest and should be further encouraged. Washington’s and New Delhi’s strategic perceptions are increasingly converging, and there is tremendous opportunity to cooperate and coordinate in this dynamic region. Because India is a fellow democracy without hegemonic interests and with a propensity to seek peaceful resolution of conflicts, its increased economic and political involvement in Asia will help to further overall U.S. goals in the region. India’s involvement in Asia will help both to ensure that one country does not dominate the area and to encourage stability in a region that will take center st age in the 21st century. The period since India adopted the new economic paradigm and the LEP has witnessed substantial transformation of its global relations, including with the rest of Asia. This has primarily been due to the recognition of India’s increasing capacities to address its developmental challenges, and the potential of its soon to be USD 1000 billion economy to provide substantial commercial opportunities. India has grown at an annual rate of nearly 6 % per annum since 1980. Contrary to perceptions, India has been able to sustain high levels of growth without significantly increasing income inequality8. India has no parallel in managing relatively peaceful and democratic transfer of political and economic power among different social classes. It thus appears that India’s growth experience has been inclusive, though there is no room for complacency. Compared to East Asia, India’s growth strategy has relied relatively more on domestic markets, consumption rather than investments, decentralized entrepreneurial rather than state-led development9, and on financial and capital market intermediation in allocation of savings10 (Das, 2006; Huang, 2006, Morgan Stanley, 2006). India’s de-facto growth strategy is consistent with bottoms-up diagnostic approach to reforms advocated by Rodrik. However as India begins to pursue policies leading to higher savings and investments,11 and as the role of external sector increases12, differences in India’s growth characteristics on the one hand and those of East Asia may narrow13. India is also attempting to develop a robust diversified manufacturing base14 (Bradsher, 2006); and modernize its agricultural and plantation sectors. The emphasis is thus on creating a more balanced and resilient economy, and increasing India’s share in the world economy. India’s growth strategy and trajectory thus provide an avenue for global risk diversification for businesses and investors from around the world. India ranked 43rd on the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) moving up two places from last year. India scored well in indicators relating to innovation and sophistication of firm operations as well as in adoption of technologies from abroad. However weaknesses remain in the large budget deficit, (about 9 per cent of GDP), inadequate infrastructure investments, low level of efficiency in delivery of governance services, and a need for wider access to and improvements in quality of health and educational services. India in the changing scenario- So many things is changing in India. The launching of the manufacturing industry, the new importance given agriculture, the good, even excellent, level of scientific training, openings in the financial sector†¦ all generate optimism and international interest in a country with the possibility of achieving the highest growth rate in the coming 50 years. India enjoys this potential despite problems like monumental bureaucracy and lack of infrastructure. Meanwhile, democracies and a smoother path of development than China’s appear to be holding possible social agitation at bay. The novelty is not so much the policy of the new government of the Congress party: in power for just a year, it has hardly had the time to implement any real changes. The rampant India which emerged from the rule of defeated Nationalist party, Janata, has certainly not disappeared; thanks to use of English, this India focused on the services sector, primarily computers and also international de-localization of computerization and call centers. However, such a model is no longer viewed as an end goal to reach in the future. Even in India, euphoria and riches even excesses generated by the so-called new economy for a few to enjoy, have given way to a realization that the â€Å"old† economy is still relevant after all. International trends especially the lack of energy and increase in prices of petroleum and other raw materials have in fact revealed how the famous â€Å"light† development, based primarily on factory chimneys, is limited in its incomes evanescence saving on, and at the end of the day, it is immaterial. This new awareness has led to an overall change of direction. This means a new emphasis on: manufacturing industries, like textile industries; primary sources, like energy; exportation of certain raw materials, like iron minerals. And certainly not least in importance, agriculture has today become once again the focus of attention, that old Cinderella of the Indian economy, neglected and portrayed as the legacy of an archaic society, although a large proportion of the population still depends on it. Today, it has been recast as a strong point of some export industries like the textile sector, which can make the most of local availability of cotton to successfully counter the near-monopoly China enjoys in this market. In this overall change in direction, the government, for its part, is seeking to regain lost ground in comparison with Asian giants, China and Japan at least one year in guaranteeing energy sources for the industrial sector. In these very weeks, a diplomatic offensive is under way to ensure resources of petrolium and other raw materials wherever possible, not only in traditional and logical choices of Indian territory, but also in places both geographically and culturally distant, like Latin America. Re-orientation towards the manufacturing industry is certainly a consequence of changing trends at international level, but it also falls within the strategy of the Congress Party currently in power, which still enjoys a strong working-class base. Anyhow, the traditional style of industry, typical of a socialist and working class party, holds several winning cards. The new stimulus in the manufacturing industry is a key factor in determining the future of all societal structures. On the one hand, it provides more interesting and better paid jobs, on the other it calls for more qualified human resources, for training, ongoing commitment and improved tuition in economics, maths and computers. All this requires secondary and tertiary education systems which ensure proper scientific and technological teaching. So there is more than low salaries behind the meteoric growth spurt of India and China. The secret probably lies in the swift upgrading of training and tough selection, based on merit, of students. This is confirmed by the preference shown by American enterprises and research institutes for graduates from the Indian Institute of Technology. Indian excellence in mathematics has always been well known the numbers of the decimal system used for calculation are of Indian origin and more recently, Indians have now been shining at physics too. In view of all this, few would imagine that the expansion of manufacturing in India would be limited to the textile and computer industries alone. Already today, India is promoting itself, with high hopes of success, as a base for the de-localization of strategic industries like aerospace. In this sector, India can count on the importance of avionics, that is, of electronic control systems. India could exploit its dominance in the computer sector, as well as the low cost of a workforce which is highly qualified in science and engineering. Development opportunities are considerable even in the telecommunications sector, in the automobile industry especially in the spare parts sector, after foreign participation of up to 100% of investment was liberalized in 2002 and in pharmaceutical che mistry, as well as food industry. Indian economic growth is not due to external factors, a consequence of general Asia-wide expansion. Rather it is a gradual process over a long period, even if not everyone is involved. Dalits, that is pariahs, are still marginalized. The growth rate of India before this global slowdown was nearly 8%. With such growth rates, in 2022, the overall size of the Indian economy will surpass that of the UK, its former colonial master. According to research undertaken by Deutsche Bank, in 2020 India and China would have left Japan behind at fourth place, while the US would still take first place as the largest economy. Compared to China, India’s economic growth rate, although considerable, has not flourished so much in recent years, and it is inferior by around 20%. However, India and Malaysia will surpass China in terms of economic expansion rates within the next 15 years, most of all thanks to demographic expansion, to the increased size of the population’s working-age bracket. While the China’s average growth rate will be around 5.2% per year, that of India will be 5 .5% and that of Malaysia, 5.4%. So China will soon have to pay in economic terms for its one-child policy. According to Goldman Sachs, India’s economic growth will beat China’s from 2015 onwards. Dominic Wilson of Goldman Sachs said: â€Å"India has the potential to produce the highest growth rate in the next 50 years with an average of 5% per year over that entire period. The growth of China is predicted to fall below 5% around 2020.† However, India is meeting obstacles along the road towards growth. First because large sectors of the population, not only dalits but also peasants, are cut out And in the long term, development along two tracks of very different speeds is not sustainable: the risk is that profound and endemic social exclusion from new-found wellbeing will take root in unmanageable massive cities, a situation which would have clearly explosive potential. Another tough obstacle in the way of development is the imposing fiscal deficit of the public sector, both central and local. According to the International Monetary Fund, this deficit, at around 10% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) puts economic development at risk both because of insufficient fiscal collection as well as increased public debt, a carryover from previous decades. This constitutes a real risk because the financial system, and especially banks, are naturally obliged to favor investment in public debt stocks, which are considered, rightly or wrongly, to be more secure. This even if lessons could have been learnt from Argentina, although there were differences between that case and India’s. The end result is that savings are not pumped into productive activities and the capital market then lacks liquid cash. The state of the Indian stock exchange has so far been determined by decisions of big foreign institutional investors, the funds of specialized stocks investment in emergent countries. Certainly the 26 October decision of the Central Bank to keep the discount rate at 6%, the lowes t since 1973, is a positive one for industrial development. Also positive was the recent government decision to allow, in the near future, investment in shares of up to 5% of the value of the patrimony of private pension funds. However, these measures are insufficient to maintain sustainable development in the long-term. Besides, the current debts of India’s pension system constitute a hidden risk, although, as in Europe, they are about to be shared, not accumulated, meaning that future generations will be called upon to square the bills of those who work today. But, as in Europe, if demographic growth is stalled, the commitments, or better the lies, of the past will eventually impact on all society. Faced with estimates which foresee that future pension commitments will be increased by around 40% of the GDP, measures which the Indian government apparently intends to propose are too timid. Yet another obstacle standing in the path of Indian economic development is an endemic lack of infrastructure: roads and highways, bridges, airports and ports require important investment, but they are not completely compatible with the current state of public finances. Other urgent and hefty investments regard energy production and distribution plants. In these infrastructures, as well as for oil refineries, it would be possible to resort to private and foreign investment. However, complications caused by electricity tariffs established for political reasons have not permitted such a solution so far. The unresolved problem is guarantees of remuneration of capital , Enron, which went bankrupt some years ago. Such incidents are proof of the intricate web of powers and the widespread rivalry between local authorities and central government, which has a paralytical impact on global finance which deals in such transactions. Not least in this list of woes are health and education problems in rural areas. Contradicting aspects are inherent in India’s health system. On the one hand, it offers pockets of excellence in some private sectors, which have served to draw patients from all over the region to Indian clinics. In such structures, it is possible to conduct operations comparable to those in western countries and at a vastly inferior price. On the other hand, however, the total cost of health spending does not exceed 0.9% of the GDP, much less, even half what other countries at a similar stage of development would spend. It is this aspect which best illustrates the contradiction between optimism engendered by economic market growth and a group of significant social indicators. The bottom line is that although India’s development process is certainly more smooth than China’s its income redistribution curve is evolving in a more uniform manner and the middle classes are increasing in size and also in income per capita much remains to be done so that the marginalized are not excluded from the country’s growth. Two factors certainly confirm the initial optimism about India’s future and they guide estimates on its economic growth. One initial reason for optimism comes from the existence of valid internal financial markets, more because of their structures and regulations based on British standards than for their size. According to Richard Batty of Standard Life Investments, the balance of economic global power will change radically in the next 50 years and the stock market could provide an average annual yield of 10% in this period. The second reason for optimism is to be found in Indian political institutions, which although far from perfect, are nonetheless able to allow for changes in power. This offers a precious guarantee of stability which China, for example, cannot offer. Despite their limitations, especially at local level, Indian political institutions appear better able than their Chinese counterparts to better reconcile various sectors of the population. Triangle of India, China and Pakistan- Indian policy-makers have been facing a great challenge today to construct a peace-oriented but pragmatic long-term policy framework in an atmosphere where its neighbour Pakistan is hell bent for MAD (mutual assured destruction) persuasions and China is modernizing itself fast with DF-31 and DF-41 missile programmes along with MIRV (multiple independent re-entry vehicle) potentials. The shadow of the ghost of cold war days are still moving around and the principles of real politik are significantly being included in inter-national agenda. Recently held International Defence Exhibition And Seminar (IDEAS 2000 Pakistan) between 14th to 17th November at Karachi with its theme â€Å"Arms For Peace† and China as a significant participant could be perceived as catalytic to the rise of arms race in the South Asian region. On 17th November, Sonmiani Tactical Firing Range in Pakistan witnessed an unprecedented show of arms and ammunitions in its f ull range. Air Officer Commanding of the Southern Air Command Air Marshal Parvez Iqbal Mirza, while boasting the might of Pakistan defence, said to the attending guests that â€Å"all Pakistan-made weapons and ammunitions, which was of NATO standard, could not be displayed at the demonstration and only selective weapons would be shown off†. Few remarkable demonstrations at the exhibition were – Super Mashshak Trainer (produced at Pakistan Aeronautical Complex, Kaura), Karakoram-8 advanced jet trainer (co-produced by Pakistan and China), MirageIIIs, mobility display of Al-Khalid and Al-Zarrar main battle tank (a joint venture of Pakistan, China and Ukraine), T-59 IIM tanks, T-85-2APS, Anza MK-11 missiles, Ghauri and Shaheen missiles. Even the Pakistani sources confirm that never before Pakistan had put on display its full range of military might. And unlike any other initiative of Pakistan in the past, these military demonstrations were wedded to â€Å"show of strength† configured against India. Also, it was a psychological display of Pakistan’s claim for military self-confidence in the wake of mounting international pressure on Pakistan, especially from the U.S, to go slow on military hardware and to stop abetting the terrorist groups. In such upcoming adverse condition, Pakistan while on the one hand has been trying to reinforce its confidence amongst the Islamic states, on the other hand, apart from the clandestine supports from China, it has been pressing for new strategic and military partnerships. Ever since its coming into existence, the fundamental goal of Pakistan’s foreign and defence policies has been of â€Å"defiance† of international norms and values and to co-opt the tools that destabilise India’s territorial integrity and domestic tranquility. Defiance of international norms means violating the principles of non-interference in other country’s domestic affairs, or for that matter to launch attack on other’s territory. The nature of Pakistani involvement in Afghanistan during and after the cold war has always been a subject of international criticism and condemnation. Further, Pakistani statesmen and academia for the reasons only known to them are still justifying al l previous five misadventures of Pakistan against India. More so, Pakistan is being labeled as supporter to several terrorist outfits round the globe, and considered as a hot pursuant of weapons of mass destruction. Pakistan’s missile and nuclear development programmes are being increasingly encouraged by the Chinese politics towards the regional strategic triangle involving Pakistan, India and China. Subsequently, the regional adversaries not separately but jointly against India are raising the prospect of an arms race breaking out between India and China. Of course Pakistan has been acting and responding in a manner that definitely exceeds its strategic defence requirements. Hence, it is imperative to the Indian policy-makers to comprehensively understand, analyse and foresee the complexities and contours of Chinese international and regional behaviours. Evoking a sense of â€Å"mystery and fear† in international relations has long been a significant foreign policy characteristic of China. Historically, it is an aggressive and expansionist state. And in the post cold-war world, with regard to South Asian security environment China is likely to take moves on two basic premises – one related to the Sino-U.S relations, and the other directly linked to India. First, while advocating for multi-polar world order, China desires to become a potential alternative centre of power in any given international system. For this reason, despite glaring limitations in technological advancements in China, they inadvertently find the clash of interests with America at almost all the present and prospective conflict areas of the world. South Asia is definitely not any exception to it. The recent improvements in U.S-India ties and the increasing gulf between the U.S and Pakistan are being seen as direct threat to the Chinese predominance in this region. Subsequently the mutual distrust and misperceptions between China and the U.S.A, on the one hand, directly affect the Sino-U.S relations and, on the other hand, indirectly but substantially it would affect the South Asian regional security configurations. It may further provide scope for Pakistan to take more strides towards misadventures against India. Second, China desires to remain the sole â€Å"power† state in the Asian region. The rapid growth in Indian economy, especially its IT sector, together with the convincing progress in Indian defence advancements pose direct threat to the Chinese dominance in the region. Whether India is being referred directly or not in the Chinese world propositions, it is a fact today that India matters a lot to the Chinese strategic thinkers. Now, it is understandable by several means that Beijing could face considerable, if not devastating, reaction if anything done undesirable or against the vital interest of New Delhi. After all, future possibility of ‘engagement’ or ‘containment’ depends mainly in the development of India’s strategic build-ups. Chinese moves to contain the Indian strength are based on its policy of â€Å"encirclement of India†. Long back in 1983 U.S intelligence agencies had reported that China had transferred a complete nuclear weapon design of 25 KT nuclear bomb to Pakistan and had been helping to Pakistani centrifuge programme. Again in 1986, it was revealed that China sold Tritium (that is used to achieve fusion in a nuclear device) to Pakistan and Chinese scientists assisted Pakistan with the production of weapons-grade fissile material (Uranium) at A.Q.Khan laboratory, Kahuta. Further, in 1991, Wall Street Journal reported that Pakistan was buying nuclear-capable M-11 missiles from China. In addition, apart from the controversial Chinese sale of 5000 ring magnets, China has also been involved in transferring M-9 missiles to Pakistan. Thus, China has long been recklessly providing Pakistan with nuclear technology, conventional weaponry and missile systems to keep Pakistan’s ambitions high against Indian defence preparedness. Subsequently, by keeping the Pakistan-India hostility alive, China acts on the two-pronged foreign policy towards India. Further, towards its policy of â€Å"encirclement of India†, China has also established a radar base in Coco island (belonging to Myanmar) that is only a gunshot away from the Indian Andmand and Nicobar islands. More so, recently the Indian Coast Guards that raised apprehensions across the Indian line of defence interrupted a Chinese trawler fitted with modern electronic surveillance equipments off the Indian shores. In addition, it has been widely reported of Chinese move of deployment of nuclear forces in Tibet and other bordering provinces and the advancements towards Chinese DG-25 missiles are being specially planned as counter move to Indian development of Agni II and III missiles. It has also been reported that a further upgrade of Hong Niano-3 (HN-3) is now being developed with range increased to 2.500Km for ship, submarine and aircraft launch. India’s motivation towards its strategic defence build-up flies in the face of conventional wisdom with recently achieve d vigour of deterring the Chinese threat of â€Å"encirclement of India†. And the proclamation of the Indian Defence Minister George Fernandes just after the launch of Agni II that â€Å"with this launch, no one, from anywhere, will dare to threaten us from now†, wisely stages India at a considerable level across the spectrum of rivaling strengths in the South Asian region. Although Indian moves for weaponisation programmes are primarily driven by the combined hostile attitudes of its neighbours, this may further lead Pakistan to more destructive engagements against India. The present environment of this region is so complicated, that even after a decade since the end of cold war, the western and Indian scholars have been facing difficulty in coming out with any definitive future trend in the South Asian strategic arrangements. In such volatile circumstances, the Standing Committee on Defence in its Report projects the level of Indian defence readiness as â€Å"The Kargil conflict of 1999 has been referred as wake-up call†. It includes the long -term vision and planning for enhancing the defence capabilities. No doubt, the real and immediate need for India today is a solid back up of conventional hardware. Priorities are to be delimited for the speedy acquisition of defence equipment and technologies. Overestimation of indigenous potential in a given period of time may lead to further delays and might cost wastage of valuable resources. Areas of strengths and weaknesses are to be carefully drawn and closely monitored for effective conventional warfare in time of need. No doubt, it is proud to hold ‘minimum credible nuclear deterrence’, but at the same time ‘ignorance’ or ‘negligence’ on its ‘command and control’ mechanism part may prove fatal for the nation. Only an effective inter-linkage within C-3I (Command, Control, Communication and Intelligence) could really boost the inner strength in holding the â€Å"nuclear button†, and to maintain some level of ascertained minimum deterrence capability. As far as dealing with international environment is concerned, tough task ahead for India is to maintain and build better India-U.S relations and to re-strengthen the hands of cooperation with Russia. It is always preferable for India to go for constructive engagement with China along with other interested partners than to seek Pakistani engagement only due to domestic compulsions. Last but not least, at first, to have a healthy relationship with China, India needs to break the mental blockade of its past experience. After all, now onwards India is a declared nuclear weapon power state with an emerging strong economy.

Fable of Trade and Technology Essays

Fable of Trade and Technology Essays Fable of Trade and Technology Essay Fable of Trade and Technology Essay When thinking of the story of the hoax and fraud Mr.. X in a global context, the question is whether a member of the World Trade Organization can and should react similarly as the Congress did in the US. I think they should not react in this way. The reason that the member states of the WTFO should not act In this way, Is because one of the goals of this organization Is stimulating free trade, and in their view of further liberalizing trade they should allow Mr.. X his business. All that Mr.. X is doing is exporting products in order to generate earnings that can be used to import a variety of finished products, as TV, watches De. Which is also called indirect production. Mr.. X in this text is denounced as a fraud who is destroying American Jobs, because instead of producing the goods himself he is trading US goods on international markets against goods produced with cheap foreign labor. But because of this trade, North Carolina was booming. Because of this trade, employment expande d, wages rose and people were able to buy at low prices. My point is that International trade Is an economic acuity like any other and can Indeed usefully be thought of as a kind of production process that transforms exports Into Imports and that results to Geiger welfare. It is argued that because labor is cheaper abroad, Mr. X. Could import products which he could undersell in the united States, and if American business is not protected, the very standard of living in the United States is in danger. Of course, some Jobs will be lost but also many new Jobs will be created. Of course, producers do not like this kind of competition, but consumers can enjoy the low prices, spend more and the standard of living of a country will only rise. There are great welfare gains from International trade which are derived from exchange. Trade lets the US incinerate on producing these goods that It Is especially good at producing and exchange some of those goods for the things that It could produce Itself only at higher costs. The production possibilities frontiers (Fps) of the countries in this case are different and the tastes probably too (indifference curves), which means different relative prices. These difference in relative prices allows both countries (US and abroad) to enhance their national welfare by engaging in international trade. The gain from exchange is the result of domestic consumers substituting the relatively cheaper reign products for the relatively more expensive domestic products. We can also speak about this case In terms of opportunity costs and comparative advantage. Each country can reach a higher level of welfare by specializing In, and exporting, the good that has the lower opportunity costs and thus the good for which it has a comparative advantage. In this case, Mr.. X exported the products that had lower opportunity costs In ten us (coal, went, taco etc. ) Ana Imported products that had lower opportunity costs abroad (TVs, watches, textiles etc. . This trade led to a positive-sum game in which both players won. We can understand why some of the domestic producers in this case were hurt, by looking at it through the partial equilibrium model. Because the prices in the US fell, consumers gained a surplus. However, producers lost a part of their previous surplus. This means that the import-usin g consumers gained and import-competing domestic producers lost welfare, but the consumers gained more that the producers lost, so trade brought net gains. In one thing the American Congress was correct, and that is that they should urge more money for research in industrial technology. As the Slow growth model suggests, in the absence of technological progress, increased international trade can only cause medium-run growth as a result of the economys adjustment to a new steady state. Permanent economic growth is only possible with continued technological progress. And again, trade can stimulate technological progress in the country, because of learning by doing, learning by exporting and importing, and increased competition. Free trade and technological advance have similar effects. Both increase the range of choices open to consumers, but both also disrupt established producers. These reducers of course try to object to free trade, but eventually free trade will only increases national welfare. And of course, Mr.. X should not have acted so mysterious about his company and his way of producing. But his way of doing business was not wrong, on the contrary, it had only positive effects for North Carolina. He should not be seen as a hoax and a fraud, but as an entrepreneur who knew about the benefits of free trade and participated in this trade to increase national welfare. Member states of the WTFO should be more than pleased to have an entrepreneur like Mr.. X.

Boas - Boidae - Constricting Snakes

Boas - Boidae - Constricting Snakes Boas (Boidae) are a group of nonvenomous snakes that include about 36 species. Boas are found in North America, South America, Africa, Madagascar, Europe and many Pacific Islands. Boas include the largest of all living snakes, the green anaconda. Other Snakes Called Boas The name boa is also used for two groups of snakes that do not belong to the Boidae family, the split-jawed boas (Bolyeriidae) and the dwarf boas (Tropidophiidae). The split-jawed boas and the dwarf boas are not closely related to members of the family Boidae. Anatomy of Boas Boas are considered to be somewhat primitive snakes. They have a rigid lower jaw and vestigial pelvic bones, with small remnant hind limbs that form a pair of spurs on either side of the body. Although boas share many characteristics with their relatives the pythons, they differ in that they lack postfrontal bones and premaxillary teeth and they give birth to live young. Some but not all species of boas have labial pits, sensory organs that enable the snakes to sense infrared thermal radiation, an ability which is  useful in the location and capture of prey but which also provides functionality in thermoregulation and detection of predators. Boa Diet and Habitat Boas are predominantly terrestrial snakes that forage in low lying bushes and trees and feed on small vertebrates. Some boas are tree-dwelling species that stalk their prey by hanging their head down from their perch amongst the branches. Boas capture their prey by first grasping it and then coiling their body quickly around it. Prey is then killed when the boa constricts its body tightly so that the prey cannot inhale and dies of asphyxiation. The diet of boas varies from species to species but generally includes mammals, birds and other reptiles. The largest of all boas, in fact, the largest of all snakes, is the green anaconda. Green anacondas can grow to lengths of over 22 feet. Green anacondas are also the heaviest known species of snake and may also be the heaviest squamate species as well. Boas inhabit North America, South America, Africa, Madagascar, Europe and many Pacific Islands. Boas are often regarded solely as tropical rainforest species, but although many species are found in rainforests this is not true for all boas. Some species live in arid regions such as the deserts of Australia. The vast majority of boas are terrestrial or arboreal but one species, the green anaconda is an aquatic snake. Green anacondas are native to the slow-moving streams, swamps, and marshes on the eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains. They also occur on the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. Green anacondas feed on larger prey than most other boas. Their diet includes wild pigs, deer, birds, turtles, capybara, caimans, and even jaguars. Boa Reproduction Boas undergo sexual reproduction and with the exception of two species in the genus Xenophidion, all bear live young. Females that bear live young do so by retaining their eggs within their body give birth to multiple young at once. Classification of Boas The Taxonomic Classification of boas is as follows: Animals Chordates Reptiles Squamates Snakes Boas Boas are divided into two subgroups which include the true boas (Boinae) and the tree boas (Corallus). True boas include the largest species of boas such as the common boa and the anaconda. Tree boas are tree-dwelling snakes with slender bodies and long prehensile tails. Their bodies are somewhat flat in shape, a structure that gives them support and enables them to stretch from one branch to another. Tree boas often rest coiled up in the branches of trees. When they hunt, tree boas hang their head down from the branches and coil their neck in an S-shape to give themselves a good angle from which to strike their prey below.